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如何為MES平穩運行做好保駕護航

發(fa)布時間:2017-9-15 10:06:57

系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)運維(wei)(wei)主要有兩個目的(de)(de),一是維(wei)(wei)護系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)穩(wen)定,確保系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)可用(yong)性(xing);二是為下個循環的(de)(de)項目規(gui)劃收集需求(qiu)。項目運維(wei)(wei)提供的(de)(de)服務主要包括熱線支持(chi)與問(wen)題(ti)跟蹤處(chu)理、系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)性(xing)能(neng)監控(kong)與硬(ying)件(jian)巡檢及數據備份、現場技術支持(chi)與數據管理維(wei)(wei)護、應急(ji)演練與數據恢復處(chu)理、新(xin)增需求(qiu)開發和完善(含新(xin)…

系(xi)(xi)(xi)統運(yun)(yun)維(wei)主要(yao)有兩個(ge)(ge)目(mu)(mu)的(de),一是(shi)維(wei)護系(xi)(xi)(xi)統穩(wen)定,確保系(xi)(xi)(xi)統可(ke)用性;二(er)是(shi)為下個(ge)(ge)循環的(de)項目(mu)(mu)規劃收集需求(qiu)。項目(mu)(mu)運(yun)(yun)維(wei)提供的(de)服務主要(yao)包括熱線支持(chi)與(yu)問題跟蹤處理(li)(li)、系(xi)(xi)(xi)統性能監控(kong)與(yu)硬件巡檢及數(shu)據備份(fen)、現(xian)場技術支持(chi)與(yu)數(shu)據管理(li)(li)維(wei)護、應急演練與(yu)數(shu)據恢復處理(li)(li)、新增需求(qiu)開發(fa)和(he)完善(shan)(含新增設備擴展實施)、需求(qiu)管理(li)(li)與(yu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統分析調優、提供用戶和(he)運(yun)(yun)維(wei)隊伍培訓、建(jian)立系(xi)(xi)(xi)統運(yun)(yun)維(wei)體系(xi)(xi)(xi)、系(xi)(xi)(xi)統整體升級或新技術研究等。

1 運維體系架構

    在MES項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu),體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)架(jia)構和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)運(yun)維(wei)(wei)(wei)流(liu)程(cheng)采(cai)用ITIL標準開展。在ITIL架(jia)構中(zhong),運(yun)維(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)過(guo)程(cheng)視為(wei)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu),其(qi)(qi)核(he)心是(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)支持和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)交付(fu)兩(liang)部分。服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)支持描(miao)述客戶和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)用戶如(ru)(ru)何(he)(he)獲(huo)得(de)恰當的(de)(de)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu),以及這些服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)如(ru)(ru)何(he)(he)實現,主(zhu)要進行運(yun)維(wei)(wei)(wei)流(liu)程(cheng)的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)。其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)主(zhu)要流(liu)程(cheng)包括服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)臺(tai)、故(gu)障管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)、問(wen)題管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)、配置管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)、變更管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)、發布管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)等。服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)交付(fu)描(miao)述客戶需要用的(de)(de)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)以及為(wei)提供這些服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)所需要的(de)(de)資源(yuan),主(zhu)要是(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)內容(rong)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)資源(yuan)的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)。其(qi)(qi)中(zhong),主(zhu)要內容(rong)包括服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)級(ji)別管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)、容(rong)量管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)、可用性管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)等。在工業企業MES項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)中(zhong),是(shi)按(an)照ITIL理(li)(li)念(nian)搭建(jian)運(yun)維(wei)(wei)(wei)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)架(jia)構的(de)(de)。在服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)支持方(fang)面(即運(yun)維(wei)(wei)(wei)流(liu)程(cheng)),MES建(jian)立了(le)三級(ji)運(yun)維(wei)(wei)(wei)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),設置了(le)唯一的(de)(de)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)臺(tai)(幫助熱線(xian))作為(wei)運(yun)維(wei)(wei)(wei)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)的(de)(de)統一窗口,規范(fan)了(le)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)的(de)(de)接(jie)入流(liu)程(cheng),同時,建(jian)設了(le)MES運(yun)行監控(kong)與考(kao)核(he)平臺(tai),對(dui)(dui)(dui)運(yun)維(wei)(wei)(wei)流(liu)程(cheng)進行了(le)定義(yi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)規范(fan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li),確保(bao)了(le)運(yun)維(wei)(wei)(wei)過(guo)程(cheng)的(de)(de)規范(fan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)合理(li)(li)。在MES運(yun)行監控(kong)與考(kao)核(he)平臺(tai)上,定義(yi)了(le)問(wen)題的(de)(de)級(ji)別和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)升級(ji)處理(li)(li)機制、人(ren)員的(de)(de)職責和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)角色、系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統軟(ruan)件和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)硬件信息等內容(rong),對(dui)(dui)(dui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統運(yun)維(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)的(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)(dui)象和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)資源(yuan)進行了(le)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)。

2 制度和流程管理

    制(zhi)定切實(shi)可(ke)行(xing)的(de)(de)運行(xing)維護規章制(zhi)度,包括運行(xing)維護管理(li)辦法、運行(xing)維護工作(zuo)流(liu)程(熱(re)線、故(gu)障受理(li)、業務申請(qing)、應急響應等)、運行(xing)維護操作(zuo)規范(fan)(fan)(技(ji)術操作(zuo)手冊、指(zhi)南、維護標準等),將各(ge)種(zhong)運維活動按(an)照(zhao)流(liu)程的(de)(de)方式加以組織,使(shi)各(ge)崗位人(ren)員在(zai)制(zhi)度的(de)(de)規范(fan)(fan)下協同操作(zuo),有效解決(jue)各(ge)類運維問題(ti),實(shi)現各(ge)項工作(zuo)的(de)(de)規范(fan)(fan)化(hua)(hua)管理(li),問題(ti)提交與反饋(kui)等各(ge)個(ge)方面,全部實(shi)現具體化(hua)(hua)、程序化(hua)(hua)、流(liu)程化(hua)(hua),做到“責任到人(ren)、有章可(ke)循”。

3 運維隊伍管理

    在系統(tong)(tong)運(yun)維(wei)(wei)管理工作中(zhong),只有有了高水平、經驗豐富的(de)技(ji)術人(ren)員才能把(ba)系統(tong)(tong)建(jian)好、管好、用好,因此,把(ba)運(yun)維(wei)(wei)技(ji)術隊伍的(de)建(jian)設(she)放在運(yun)維(wei)(wei)工作的(de)第一位。運(yun)維(wei)(wei)人(ren)員的(de)選拔應面(mian)(mian)向系統(tong)(tong)建(jian)設(she)隊伍,全面(mian)(mian)參加項目(mu)詳細設(she)計、系統(tong)(tong)配置、上線(xian)前的(de)功(gong)能、性(xing)能和試運(yun)行(xing)維(wei)(wei)護等(deng),使他們的(de)知(zhi)識和技(ji)術水平在項目(mu)建(jian)設(she)過(guo)程中(zhong)得到更新和提升。采用集中(zhong)模式下的(de)運(yun)行(xing)維(wei)(wei)護管理體系,合理調配資源(yuan),明確小組分(fen)工,每個(ge)小組根據技(ji)術關聯性(xing)劃分(fen)系統(tong)(tong)運(yun)維(wei)(wei)崗(gang)位職責,全面(mian)(mian)細致的(de)定(ding)義(yi)每個(ge)崗(gang)位的(de)運(yun)維(wei)(wei)內容(rong)。

4 運維技術管理

   隨著信(xin)息(xi)系(xi)統(tong)的廣泛和深入應(ying)用,系(xi)統(tong)越(yue)(yue)(yue)來(lai)越(yue)(yue)(yue)復雜,服務器、應(ying)用模塊、用戶(hu)數量等成倍增加,如(ru)果還像(xiang)過去(qu)一(yi)樣僅(jin)靠人工來(lai)監(jian)(jian)控,越(yue)(yue)(yue)來(lai)越(yue)(yue)(yue)不能滿足安全穩定運(yun)(yun)行的要(yao)求,因(yin)此,系(xi)統(tong)運(yun)(yun)行監(jian)(jian)控技術需(xu)要(yao)應(ying)用到運(yun)(yun)維中(zhong)。

    通(tong)過建設運(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)維護綜合(he)支(zhi)持平(ping)臺,向企業用(yong)戶(hu)提(ti)供在線(xian)幫助(zhu)和技術支(zhi)持,通(tong)過不斷完善專家(jia)知識庫,為用(yong)戶(hu)提(ti)供知識共(gong)享(xiang)和技術交流平(ping)臺。利用(yong)運(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)對信息系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)運(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)境、運(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)狀況(kuang)等(deng)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)實時(shi)(shi)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)和事后分(fen)析(xi),并提(ti)供報警(jing)手段,不僅可以(yi)對系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)出(chu)現(xian)異常情況(kuang)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)報警(jing),并輔助(zhu)快(kuai)速(su)定位故(gu)障點,而且還可以(yi)根據(ju)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)日志提(ti)供的(de)線(xian)索,來(lai)檢查系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)健康狀況(kuang),做到(dao)防(fang)患(huan)于未然。監(jian)控(kong)(kong)主(zhu)要包括服(fu)務器運(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)狀態(tai)(tai)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)、網絡監(jian)控(kong)(kong)、數據(ju)庫監(jian)控(kong)(kong),應(ying)用(yong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)監(jian)控(kong)(kong),實時(shi)(shi)數據(ju)接口狀態(tai)(tai)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)、生產運(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)信息平(ping)臺監(jian)控(kong)(kong)等(deng)。通(tong)過借助(zhu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong),使運(yun)(yun)(yun)維人(ren)員及(ji)時(shi)(shi)發現(xian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)出(chu)現(xian)的(de)各類問題,提(ti)高了運(yun)(yun)(yun)維的(de)相應(ying)速(su)度,為快(kuai)速(su)恢復系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)應(ying)用(yong)贏得了時(shi)(shi)間,加強了運(yun)(yun)(yun)維工作(zuo)的(de)時(shi)(shi)效性(xing)。

5 運維考核管理

    通(tong)過(guo)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)維(wei)考(kao)核管理,推進(jin)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)在企(qi)(qi)業的深(shen)入(ru)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong),提(ti)(ti)高系統(tong)(tong)(tong)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)效率和質量,及時掌握各企(qi)(qi)業系統(tong)(tong)(tong)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)和應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)狀態,推動(dong)執行(xing)與管理水平的提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)。針(zhen)對考(kao)核評價(jia)管理,改善系統(tong)(tong)(tong)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)流程(cheng),促進(jin)管理的科學化(hua)和規(gui)范化(hua),客觀、公正地評價(jia)企(qi)(qi)業的系統(tong)(tong)(tong)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)狀況(kuang)。精細化(hua)管理運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)維(wei)服(fu)務過(guo)程(cheng),量化(hua)管理運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)維(wei)服(fu)務活(huo)動(dong),從而持續(xu)性提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)維(wei)服(fu)務水平,提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)客戶滿意(yi)度。

    建立完整的(de)考(kao)核(he)(he)(he)管理(li)制度(du),制定比較詳細的(de)考(kao)核(he)(he)(he)標準(zhun)。細分考(kao)核(he)(he)(he)指標,通過提取關鍵(jian)指標實(shi)現系統(tong)的(de)自動考(kao)核(he)(he)(he),根據每月的(de)考(kao)核(he)(he)(he)信息和(he)監控情(qing)況,形成有數據、有分析、有建議的(de)報告(gao),對于考(kao)核(he)(he)(he)中出(chu)現的(de)問(wen)題,抓緊落實(shi)和(he)整改,促進系統(tong)的(de)應(ying)用。

    考核工作要堅持如下原則:

    客(ke)觀(guan)評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)(jia)原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze):所有考(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he)所需的(de)(de)定(ding)量化數(shu)(shu)據(ju)必須通過系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)獲得,確保考(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)正(zheng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)、客(ke)觀(guan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)、科學(xue)性(xing)(xing)(xing)。公(gong)(gong)開性(xing)(xing)(xing)原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze):系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)考(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he)評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)(jia)應(ying)(ying)(ying)讓被考(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he)者(zhe)了解考(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he)流(liu)程(cheng)、方法、標準和(he)(he)結果(guo),提(ti)高(gao)透明(ming)(ming)度。公(gong)(gong)平(ping)性(xing)(xing)(xing)原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze):系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)考(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he)評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)(jia)應(ying)(ying)(ying)客(ke)觀(guan)公(gong)(gong)平(ping)地考(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)察和(he)(he)評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)(jia)生產(chan)(chan)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)。公(gong)(gong)正(zheng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze):系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)考(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he)評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)(jia)應(ying)(ying)(ying)本著實(shi)事求是的(de)(de)態度,以事實(shi)為依據(ju)進行評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)(jia)與考(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he),避(bi)免主管臆斷和(he)(he)個(ge)人主觀(guan)情(qing)緒(xu)因素的(de)(de)影響,盡量做到“用(yong)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)說(shuo)話,用(yong)事實(shi)說(shuo)話”。規(gui)范性(xing)(xing)(xing)原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze):系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)考(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he)評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)(jia)應(ying)(ying)(ying)有明(ming)(ming)確的(de)(de)考(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he)標準、嚴格的(de)(de)考(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he)制(zhi)度、規(gui)范的(de)(de)考(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he)程(cheng)序及方法。 正(zheng)激勵原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze):系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)考(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he)評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)(jia)考(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)在(zai)于促進系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)的(de)(de)共同發展與成長。雙向溝通原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze):系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)考(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he)評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)(jia)體系(xi)(xi)績效指(zhi)標的(de)(de)制(zhi)定(ding)要做到上(shang)下溝通,考(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)結果(guo)必須反饋給生產(chan)(chan)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)。持續完(wan)善原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze):系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)考(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he)評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)(jia)管理是一個(ge)不(bu)斷持續完(wan)善的(de)(de)過程(cheng),在(zai)MES系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)建設與應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)的(de)(de)不(bu)同階段制(zhi)定(ding)不(bu)同的(de)(de)考(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he)策(ce)略,使考(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he)更有導(dao)向性(xing)(xing)(xing)、適(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)性(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)適(shi)用(yong)性(xing)(xing)(xing),從(cong)而促進對系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)水平(ping)的(de)(de)提(ti)高(gao)。


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